The malignant nodules, discovered in November after Justice Ginsburg fractured her ribs in a fall, were removed Friday at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City.

“There was no evidence of any remaining disease,” Ms. Arberg said in a statement last week, citing Justice Ginsburg’s thoracic surgeon, Dr. Valerie W. Rusch. “Scans performed before surgery indicated no evidence of disease elsewhere in the body.”

Despite her hospitalization, Justice Ginsburg, 85, still participated in a Friday court vote preventing the Trump administration from immediately enforcing its new policy of denying asylum to migrants who illegally cross the Mexican border. She is the most senior member of the court’s four-member liberal wing.

In 2012, she broke two ribs without missing work. Two years later, she returned to work quickly after a heart procedure. Early last month, she fell at her office and went home. The following morning, a Thursday, she was hospitalized with three broken ribs from the fall. She was discharged the next day and worked from home.

She has been given the affectionate nickname “Notorious R.B.G.” and was the star of a well-received documentary this year. The actress Felicity Jones portrays her in “On the Basis of Sex,” a movie released this week about her life.